sd-event — A generic event loop implementation
#include <systemd/sd-event.h>
pkg-config --cflags --libs libsystemd
sd-event.h is part of
libsystemd(3) and
provides a generic event loop implementation, based on Linux epoll(7).
See sd_event_new(3), sd_event_run(3), sd_event_add_io(3), sd_event_add_time(3), sd_event_add_signal(3), sd_event_add_child(3), sd_event_add_inotify(3), sd_event_add_defer(3), sd_event_add_memory_pressure(3), sd_event_source_unref(3), sd_event_source_set_priority(3), sd_event_source_set_enabled(3), sd_event_source_set_userdata(3), sd_event_source_get_event(3), sd_event_source_get_pending(3), sd_event_source_set_description(3), sd_event_source_set_prepare(3), sd_event_source_set_ratelimit(3), sd_event_wait(3), sd_event_get_fd(3), sd_event_set_watchdog(3), sd_event_exit(3), sd_event_now(3) for more information about the functions available.
The event loop design is targeted on running a separate instance of the event loop in each thread; it has no concept of distributing events from a single event loop instance onto multiple worker threads. Dispatching events is strictly ordered and subject to configurable priorities. In each event loop iteration a single event source is dispatched. Each time an event source is dispatched the kernel is polled for new events, before the next event source is dispatched. The event loop is designed to honor priorities and provide fairness within each priority. It is not designed to provide optimal throughput, as this contradicts these goals due the limitations of the underlying epoll(7) primitives.
The event loop implementation provides the following features:
I/O event sources, based on epoll(7)'s
file descriptor watching, including edge triggered events (EPOLLET). See sd_event_add_io(3).
Timer event sources, based on timerfd_create(2),
supporting the CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
CLOCK_REALTIME,
CLOCK_BOOTTIME clocks, as well as the
CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM and
CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM clocks that can resume
the system from suspend. When creating timer events a required
accuracy parameter may be specified which allows coalescing of
timer events to minimize power consumption. See sd_event_add_time(3).
UNIX process signal events, based on signalfd(2), including full support for real-time signals, and queued parameters. See sd_event_add_signal(3).
Child process state change events, based on waitid(2). See sd_event_add_child(3).
Static event sources, of three types: defer, post and exit, for invoking calls in each event loop, after other event sources or at event loop termination. See sd_event_add_defer(3).
Event sources may be assigned a 64-bit priority value, that controls the order in which event sources are dispatched if multiple are pending simultaneously. See sd_event_source_set_priority(3).
The event loop may automatically send watchdog notification messages to the service manager. See sd_event_set_watchdog(3).
The event loop may be integrated into foreign event loops, such as the GLib one. See sd_event_get_fd(3) for an example.
Functions described here are available as a shared
library, which can be compiled against and linked to with the
libsystemd pkg-config(1)
file.
The code described here uses
getenv(3),
which is declared to be not multi-thread-safe. This means that the code calling the functions described
here must not call
setenv(3)
from a parallel thread. It is recommended to only do calls to setenv()
from an early phase of the program when no other threads have been started.
systemd(1), sd_event_new(3), sd_event_run(3), sd_event_add_io(3), sd_event_add_time(3), sd_event_add_signal(3), sd_event_add_child(3), sd_event_add_inotify(3), sd_event_add_defer(3), sd_event_add_memory_pressure(3), sd_event_source_unref(3), sd_event_source_set_priority(3), sd_event_source_set_enabled(3), sd_event_source_set_userdata(3), sd_event_source_get_event(3), sd_event_source_get_pending(3), sd_event_source_set_description(3), sd_event_source_set_prepare(3), sd_event_source_set_ratelimit(3), sd_event_wait(3), sd_event_get_fd(3), sd_event_set_watchdog(3), sd_event_exit(3), sd_event_now(3), epoll(7), timerfd_create(2), signalfd(2), waitid(2)